What are the advantages of a large-sized furnace vacuum heat treatment furnace?
09-29-2025 Author: KJ technology
Large scale furnace vacuum heat treatment furnaces have become key equipment in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, mold processing, and other fields due to their advantages of non oxidizing environment, decarbonization inhibition, degassing effect, optimized material properties, wide process adaptability, energy saving and high efficiency, clean environment, and safe operation. They are particularly suitable for scenarios with strict requirements for surface quality and material properties.
1. Core advantages
Non oxidizing environment
In a vacuum environment (<10 ⁻ ² Pa), the oxygen partial pressure is extremely low, and an oxide film cannot be formed on the metal surface to avoid material loss. For example, the surface smoothness of high-speed steel cutting tools is improved after heat treatment, without the need for subsequent polishing.
Inhibit decarbonization
When carbon steel is heated in air, the surface carbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO ₂, resulting in a decrease in hardness; The thickness of the decarburization layer under vacuum environment can be controlled within 0.01mm, significantly improving material properties.
Degassing effect
At high temperatures, gas impurities such as hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen inside the material will diffuse to the surface and be pumped away by a vacuum pump, reducing defects such as pores and cracks. For example, the fatigue life of titanium alloy forgings is improved after vacuum annealing.
Material performance optimization
The vacuum environment promotes the diffusion and homogenization of alloy elements, resulting in a more ideal microstructure. For example, after vacuum solution treatment at 1150 ℃, the grain size of nickel based high-temperature alloy blades is refined and the high-temperature strength is improved.
2. Process adaptability
Full process coverage
Supports all heat treatment processes such as quenching, annealing, tempering, carburizing, nitriding, etc. The quenching process can achieve gas quenching, oil quenching, nitrate quenching, water quenching, etc. It can also perform vacuum brazing, sintering, and surface treatment.
Sensitive material handling
Materials sensitive to oxygen and moisture, such as titanium and refractory metals, can avoid surface hydrogen embrittlement in a vacuum environment, ensuring stable material properties.
3. Efficiency and Energy Conservation
Rapid temperature rise and fall
In a vacuum environment, there is no convective heat dissipation, and the heating efficiency is higher than that of an air furnace, which can achieve rapid heating and cooling and shorten the production cycle.
Energy-saving design
By adopting a waste heat recovery system, the heat from the cooling gas is used to preheat the workpiece, reducing energy consumption and meeting the requirements of green manufacturing.
4. Environment and Safety
Non polluting emissions
No need to deal with oxide skin or quenching oil smoke, clean working environment, safe operation, no pollution and public hazards.
Multiple security protections
Equipped with over temperature protection, atmosphere leakage alarm, leakage protection and other devices, it can promptly detect and handle safety hazards when equipment malfunctions.
5. Typical application scenarios
aerospace
After vacuum solution treatment at 1150 ℃, nickel based high-temperature alloy blades are used in aircraft engines to improve high-temperature performance.
automobile manufacturing
Gear vacuum carburizing: carburizing at 930 ℃ under low vacuum of 500 Pa results in higher surface hardness and improved wear resistance compared to traditional gas carburizing.
mold processing
H13 steel mold vacuum quenching: after austenitization at 1020 ℃, high-pressure gas cooling results in higher hardness and extended thermal fatigue life.
medical device
After vacuum annealing at 1050 ℃, 316L stainless steel surgical instruments have lower surface roughness and do not require subsequent polishing.
