The working principle of a high vacuum muffle furnace

06-10-2025       Author: KJ technology

The working principle of a high vacuum muffle furnace is based on resistance heating, combined with vacuum environment control, as follows:

1. Resistance heating principle: The muffle furnace converts electrical energy into thermal energy through electric heating elements. When current passes through the resistance wires inside the furnace (such as platinum tungsten wire, silicon carbon rod, etc.), the resistance wires generate heat due to resistance and emit infrared radiation. These infrared radiations act on the materials inside the furnace, causing them to absorb heat and heat up.

2. Vacuum environment control: The high vacuum muffle furnace is equipped with a vacuum system, which uses mechanical pumps and other equipment to pump the furnace to the appropriate vacuum level. In a vacuum environment, the number of gas molecules on the surface of the material is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the effects of heat conduction and convection, allowing the material to be heated more evenly. At the same time, a vacuum environment can effectively prevent materials from reacting with oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases in the air at high temperatures, ensuring the purity and performance of the materials.

3. Temperature control system: High vacuum muffle furnaces are usually equipped with high-precision temperature control systems, including temperature sensors, temperature control instruments, and actuators. The temperature sensor detects the temperature inside the furnace in real time and transmits the signal to the temperature control instrument. The temperature control instrument adjusts the temperature inside the furnace based on the difference between the set temperature and the actual temperature, and controls the actuator (such as adjusting the power of the electric heating element) to maintain it within the set range.